It marks the junction of the posterior surface of the neck with the shaft of the femur. Anterior border. He works in Kanwar Bone and Spine Clinic, Dasuya, Hoshiarpur, Punjab. The head is directed medially. It is a smooth rounded ridge which begins above at the posterior superior angle of the greater trochanter and ends at the lesser trochanter. This set constitutes the main supply and damage to it results in necrosis of the head of the following fractures of the neck of the femur. This brings the knees closer to the body’s center of gravity, increasing stability. The femoral neck is strengthened by a thickening of bone called the calcar femorale present along its concavity. The popliteus arises from the deep anterior part of the popliteal groove. It is a type of chondroma that occurs within the medullary cavity. These arterial twigs enter the acetabular notch and then pass along the round ligament to reach the head. Between the two condyles, the surface is grooved vertically. You can follow him on Facebook, Linkedin and Twitter, Your email address will not be published. It meets the shaft at the intertrochanteric crest. The neck has two borders and two surfaces. The shaft is almost a cylindrical structure wide superiorly and inferiorly and narrowest in the middle. It is a type of zone I tendon injury. The capsule is relatively weak and attached to the margins of the femoral and tibial articular surfaces. The lower end of the lateral supracondylar line gives origin to the plantaris above and the upper part of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius below. The intercondylar line provides attachment to the capsular ligament and laterally to the oblique popliteal ligament. Linea aspera is an important landmark in orthopedics surgeries involving reduction of femoral fractures. The medial surface includes the portion between the medial border and the linea aspera; it is continuous above with the lower border of the neck, below with the medial side of the medial condyle: it is covered by the vastus medialis. Of these two ridges, the lateral is the more prominent, and descends to the summit of the lateral condyle. Your email address will not be published. The primary center for the shaft appears in the 7 weeks of intrauterine life. The medial and lateral borders are rounded and ill-defined, but the posterior border is in the form of a broad roughened ridge, called the linea aspera. 244– Right femur. FIG. Anteriorly, the condyles articulate with patella and this articulation extends more on the lateral condyle than on the medial. The anterior surface of the femoral neck is entirely intracapsular. Essentially the shaft of femur presents 3 surfaces – anterior, medial, and lateral and 3 edges – medial, lateral, and posterior. From the medial lip of the linea aspera and its prolongations above and below, the vastus medialis arises; and from the lateral lip and its upward prolongation, the vastus lateralis takes origin. The inferior border, long and narrow, curves a little backward, to end at the lesser trochanter. It also bears a prominent point called the medial epicondyle. The triphalangeal thumb with full-length normal second phalanx and without […], Congenital muscular torticollis is an asymmetrical deformity of the head and neck in which the head is tilted toward the side with the shortened muscle and the chin rotated towards the opposite side. It marks the junction of the neck with the femur. The gluteal tuberosity is a broad roughened ridge on the lateral part of the posterior surface. Two faint grooves separate the patellar articulation surface from tibial surfaces. The anterior surface includes that portion of the shaft which is situated between the lateral and medial borders. The intracapsular neck is supplied by the retinacular arteries derived chiefly from the trochanteric anastomosis. Fusing means two bones are permanently placed together so there is no longer movement between them. Scolioisis is defined as Cobb angle more than 10 degrees. large prominence on the lateral surface of the upper femur. It is a little broader above than in the center, broadest and somewhat flattened from before backward below. Required fields are marked *, By using this form you agree with the storage and handling of your data by this website. The femoral neck is strengthened by a thickening of bone called the calcar femorale present along its concavity. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. The two condyles are partially covered by a large articular surface. It gives attachment to part of the gluteus maximus: its upper part is often elongated into a roughened crest, on which a more or less well-marked, rounded tubercle, the third trochanter, is occasionally developed. Head, in its most part, is covered by cartilage. The infrapatellar synovial fold is attached to the anterior border of the intercondylar fossa. The intercondylar line separates the notch from the popliteal surface. Anteriorly, the two condyles are united and are in a line with the front of the shaft. Anteriorly, the notch is limited by the patellar articular surface. The meniscus is a semilunar, fibrocartilage with a thick, convex peripheral border and central thin, concave border. In the normal human hand, the thumb has two phalanges. Lower band of the iliofemoral ligament in its lower part, Highest fibers of the vastus lateralis from the upper end, Highest fibers of the vastus medialis from the lower end, Quadratus femoris attached on quadrate tubercle, The medial and popliteal surfaces are bare [ Except for part of gastrocnemius origin on the popliteal surface]. Anteversion is the angle formed between the transverse axis of the upper and lower ends of the femur. The lateral ridge termed the gluteal tuberosity is very rough, and runs almost vertically upward to the base of the greater trochanter. The nutrient foramen (or foramina) is located on the medial side on the linea aspera and is directed upwards. The psoas major is inserted on the apex and medial part of the rough anterior surface. The femur is the only bone in the thigh and the longest bone in the body. This website is an effort to educate and support people and medical personnel on orthopedic issues and musculoskeletal health. The medial and lateral surfaces are directed more backwards than to sides. Borders. The upper border, concave and horizontal, meets the shaft at the greater trochanter. It presents for examination three borders, separating three surfaces. The middle phalanx is the extra one. Thus this part of the shaft has four borders (medial, lateral, supracondylar line and lateral supracondylar line) 4 surfaces (anterior, medial, lateral and popliteal). It is smooth, convex, broader above and below than in the center. Carpus curvus, radius […]. The lateral surface is crossed by an oblique ridge directed downwards and forwards. A second gap is also present in the lateroposterior portion of the capsule to give passage to the tendon of the popliteus muscle. On the posterior surface of the femoral shaft, a roughened ridges of bone, these are also described as the linea aspera. The iliacus is inserted on the anterior surface of the base of the trochanter, and on the area below. The upper end of the femur includes the head, the neck, the greater trochanter, the lesser trochanter, the intertrochanteric line, and the intertrochanteric crest. Pectineus is inserted on a line extending from the lesser trochanter to the linea aspera. The spiral line is a curved line with its superior end adjacent to the lesser trochanter, nearly continuous with the intertrochanteric line, and converging inferiorly with the pectineal line to form the medial lip of the linea aspera. upper most border lies in the same transverse plane as the symphysis pubis.

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