Inside the hull is a reticulated, hard, woody shell (like the outside of a peach pit) called the endocarp. The biggest producer of almonds in the world is the United States . They also contain substantial dietary fiber, the monounsaturated fat, oleic acid, and the polyunsaturated fat, linoleic acid. A wide range of classic sweets feature almonds as a central ingredient. It also contains the enzyme emulsin which, in the presence of water, acts on the two soluble glucosides amygdalin and prunasin[41] yielding glucose, cyanide and the essential oil of bitter almonds, which is nearly pure benzaldehyde, the chemical causing the bitter flavor. Almonds are a rich source of oil, with 50% of kernel dry mass as fat (whole almond nutrition table). [43] The acute oral lethal dose of cyanide for adult humans is reported to be 0.5–3.5 mg/kg (0.2–1.6 mg/lb) of body weight (approximately 50 bitter almonds), whereas for children, consuming 5–10 bitter almonds may be fatal. Almond oil is a rich source of vitamin E, providing 261% of the Daily Value per 100 ml (table). Eating such almonds could result in vertigo and other typical bitter almond (cyanide) poisoning effects. [12], Selection of the sweet type from the many bitter types in the wild marked the beginning of almond domestication. Almond trees are said to have originated from Asia, but many countries now produce them; in fact, California is one of the world's largest almond producers. Almond oil is obtained from the dried kernel of almonds.[63]. [74] The Arabic name for almond is لوز "lauz" or "lūz". The Almond Board of California states: "PPO residue dissipates after treatment". )", "California Almonds Are Back After Four Years of Brutal Drought", "ARS Scientists Develop Self-pollinating Almond Trees", "Almond | Diseases and Pests, Description, Uses, Propagation", "Chart shows how some of your favorite foods could be making California's drought worse", "How Almonds Became A Scapegoat For California's Drought", "Almonds | Agricultural Marketing Resource Center", "Annual report: Growing Good – Almond Sustainability 2018", "Almond industry forerunner of future farm practices, sustainability program internationally recognized", "Almonds (in shells) production in 2018, Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity (pick lists)", "Growing California almonds takes more than half of US honeybees", "Top Almonds Exporters by Country in 2016", "Tree nuts annual; Almonds, shelled basis; Report number SP1619", "The factor for bitterness in the sweet almond", "Prunasin hydrolases during fruit development in sweet and bitter almonds", "Cyanide poisoning after bitter almond ingestion", "Potential Toxic Levels of Cyanide in Almonds (Prunus amygdalus), Apricot Kernels (Prunus armeniaca), and Almond Syrup", "Cyanide and amygdalin as indicators of the presence of bitter almonds in imported raw almonds", "Cyanogenic glycosides – Information Sheet", "Protein foods: nutrients and health benefits", "The effects of almond consumption on fasting blood lipid levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials", "New EU Aflatoxin Levels and Sampling Plan", "The Food Safety Program & Almond Pasteurization", "Almond pasteurization rubs some feelings raw", "Fuego y flor de almendro en l'Entrà de Torrent", University of California Fruit and Nut Research and Information Center, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Almond&oldid=989226321, Articles with dead external links from July 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from October 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2020, Articles with limited geographic scope from January 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Taxonbars using multiple manual Wikidata items, Taxonbars with automatically added basionyms, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, minimizing dust production during the harvest, international education about sustainability practices, In Israel almonds are used as a topping for, This page was last edited on 17 November 2020, at 19:37. Similarly, Christian symbolism often uses almond branches as a symbol of the Virgin Birth of Jesus; paintings and icons often include almond-shaped haloes encircling the Christ Child and as a symbol of Mary. The almond is a deciduous tree, growing 4–10 m (13–33 ft) in height, with a trunk of up to 30 cm (12 in) in diameter. In some parts of the Levant and North Africa it is pronounced "loz", which is very close to its Aramaic origin. [citation needed] In the Bible the almond is mentioned ten times, beginning with Book of Genesis 43:11, where it is described as "among the best of fruits". [21] The new, self-pollinating hybrids possess quality skin color, flavor, and oil content, and reduce almond growers' dependency on insect pollination. The word "almond" comes from Old French almande or alemande, Late Latin *amandula, derived from amygdala from the Ancient Greek ἀμυγδάλη (amygdálē) (cf. Shelling almonds refers to removing the shell to reveal the seed. [65] The mold contamination may occur from soil, previously infested almonds, and almond pests such as navel-orange worm. ARS researchers have managed to crossbreed the pest-resistant Tuono tree with the Nonpareil, resulting in hybridized cultivars of almond trees that are self-pollinated and maintain a high nut quality. Almonds are sold shelled or unshelled. The European Union, for example, introduced a requirement since 2007 that all almond shipments to EU be tested for aflatoxin. Almond oil is known to stimulate hair growth. The adjective "amygdaloid" (literally "like an almond") is used to describe objects which are roughly almond-shaped, particularly a shape which is part way between a triangle and an ellipse. Generally, one seed is present, but occasionally two occur. A federal judge dismissed the lawsuit in the spring of 2009 on procedural grounds. The fruits from Prunus dulcis var. One ounce (About 28 Grams) of almond provides: Mistakenly considered as a nut by many, Almond, in reality, is not a nut but a Drupe fruit, growing on Prunus dulcis tree. In August 2010, a federal appeals court ruled that the farmers have a right to appeal the USDA regulation. Morocco ranks fifth in the world for almond production. [68] Raw, untreated California almonds have not been available in the U.S. since then. [43] Orgeat syrup is an important ingredient in the Mai Tai and many other Tiki drinks. The tree originated in the Middle East,[73] and is mentioned numerous times in the Bible. The USDA approved a proposal by the Almond Board of California to pasteurize almonds sold to the public, after tracing cases of salmonellosis to almonds. The genetic basis for bitterness involves a single gene, the bitter flavor furthermore being recessive,[39][40] both aspects making this trait easier to domesticate. [33] Production in 2016 declined 2% nationally compared to 2015 production data. Almonds are native to Iran and later spread to South-West Europe and Northern Africa.
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